Ganga River System in India
The origin of the river Ganga –
- The Ganga River originates from the Gangotri glacier in the Uttarkashi district of Uttarakhand state.
- Where the river Ganga is known as Bhagirathi, the river Alaknanda comes in this river in Devprayag.
- After this, this river is known as Ganga, after this, it enters the field in Haridwar for the first time.
Tributaries of Ganga –
Some of the major rivers that come into the Ganga after coming out of the Himalayas –
- Yamuna, Ramganga, Gomti, Ghaghra, Gandak and Kosi are the rivers.
- The river Yamuna originates from Yamunotri Himani in the Himalayas.
- The river Yamuna flows parallel to the right bank of the Ganga and merges into the Ganga at Prayagraj.
- Ghaghra, Gandak, and Kosi originate from the Nepal Himalayas.
- Each year, some parts of the northern plain are flooded, causing widespread loss of life and property, but these are rivers that make the soil fertile and arable land.
- The main tributaries coming from the peninsular highlands are Chambal, Ken, Sindh, Betwa.
- Which joins the Yamuna followed by the Yamuna in the Ganga in Allahabad. The Son River originating from the south is the only north-facing river of the Ganga.
- They originate from the semiarid regions.
- Their length is short and the amount of water in them is also less.
Ganga flow –
- The Ganga flows into the Ganga River from the tributaries of the left and right banks, flowing in the east direction, to Farakka in West Bengal.
- It is the northernmost point of the Ganga delta.
- Here the river divides into two parts, the Bhagirathi Hooghly (which is a distributary) flows southwards and joins the delta plain into the Bay of Bengal.
- The mainstream enters Bangladesh flowing southwards and the Brahmaputra River joins it.
- Ganga and Brahmaputra in the final phase are known as Meghna before they merge into the sea.
- This large river containing the waters of the Ganga and the Brahmaputra merges into the Bay of Bengal.
- The deltas formed by these rivers are known as the Sundarbans delta.
Note –
- The Sundarbans Delta derives its name from the Sundari plant found there.
- The Sundarbans Delta is the world’s largest and fastest-growing delta. Royal Bengal tigers are also found here.
- The length of the Ganga is over 2500 Km. Ambala Nagar is situated on a water divide between the Indus and the Ganga river systems.
- The length of the field from Ambala to the Sundarbans is about 1800 Km, but the drop in slope is hardly 300 meters. In other words, the slope drop is only 1 meter per 6 Km distance. Therefore, many big eruptions are formed in these rivers.
- The Sone River originating from the south is the only north-facing river of the Ganga.