FIBRE TO FABRIC
Fibres-
The thin strands of thread that we see, are made up of still thinner strands called fibre.
Fibres
⇓ combine to make
Yarns
⇓ collectively form
Fabric
Types of Fibers-
There are two types of fibres-
1. NATURAL FIBRES-
The fibres that are obtained from plants and animals.
Example-Fibres of fabrics such as cotton, jute, silk wool.
- Cotton and Jute ⇒ Plants
- Wool ⇒ Sheep or Goat
- Silk ⇒ Silkworm
2. SYNTHETIC FIBRE-
Chemical substance which are not obtained from plants.
Examples- Polyester, nylon and acrylic
Some Plant fibres-
COTTON- It is grown in places having black soil and warm climate.
⇒Fibres are separated from the seeds by combing, this process is called GINNING.
JUTE- Obtained from the stem of the jute plant.
⇒ cultivated during the rainy season.
⇒ In India, it is mainly grown in West Bengal, Bihar and Assam.
⇒The stems of the harvested plants are immersed in water for a few days. The stems not and fibres are separated by hands.
Fibre to Fabric-
where,
SPINNING – The process of making yarn from fibres.
⇒ A simple device used for spinning is a hand spindle.
The two main processes by which fabrics are made from Yarn –
- WEAVING- The process of arranging two sets of yarns together to make a fabric.
- KNITTING- Single yarn is used to make a piece of fabric. It is done by hands and also on machine.
EXERCISE
1. Classify the following fibers as natural or synthetic:
nylon, wool, cotton, silk, polyester, jute
Answer:
Natural: Wool, Cotton, Silk, Jute
Synthetic: Nylon, Polyester
2. State whether the following statements are true or false:
a) Yarn is made from fibers.
b) Spinning is a process of making fibers.
c) Jute is the outer covering of coconut.
d) The process of removing seed from cotton is called ginning.
e) Weaving of yarn makes a piece of fabric.
f) Silk fiber is obtained from the stem of a plant.
g) Polyester is a natural fiber.
Answer:
(a) True
(b) False
(c) False
(d) True
(e) True
(f) False
(g) False
3. Fill in the blanks:
a) Plant fibers are obtained from_________ and ________ .
b) Animals fibers are __________ and ___________ .
Answer:
(a) cotton and jute.
(b) silk and wool.
4. From which parts of the plant cotton and jute are obtained?
Answer:
Cotton – the fruit of the plant
Jute – the stem of the plant.
5. Name two items that are made from coconut fiber.
Answer:
Ropes and bags
6. Explain the process of making yarn from fiber.
Answer:
Spinning is the process of making yarn from fiber .fibers are drawn and then twisted. This process of twisting brings fiber together to form yarn.