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FIBRE TO FABRIC

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FIBRE TO FABRIC


Fibres-

The thin strands of thread that we see, are made up of still thinner strands called fibre.

Fibres

⇓ combine to make

Yarns

⇓ collectively form

Fabric


Types of Fibers-

There are two types of fibres-

1. NATURAL FIBRES-

The fibres that are obtained from plants and animals.

Example-Fibres of fabrics such as cotton, jute, silk wool.

  • Cotton and Jute ⇒ Plants
  • Wool ⇒ Sheep or Goat
  • Silk ⇒ Silkworm

2. SYNTHETIC FIBRE-

Chemical substance which are not obtained from plants.

Examples- Polyester, nylon and acrylic


Some Plant fibres-

COTTON- It is grown in places having black soil and warm climate.

⇒Fibres are separated from the seeds by combing, this process is called GINNING.

JUTE- Obtained from the stem of the jute plant.

cultivated during the rainy season.

In India, it is mainly grown in West Bengal, Bihar and Assam.

The stems of the harvested plants are immersed in water for a few days. The stems not and fibres are separated by hands.


Fibre to Fabric-

where,

SPINNING – The process of making yarn from fibres.

⇒  A simple device used for spinning is a hand spindle.

The two main processes by which fabrics are made from Yarn –

  • WEAVING- The process of arranging two sets of yarns together to make a fabric.
  • KNITTING- Single yarn is used to make a piece of fabric. It is done by hands and also on machine.

EXERCISE


1. Classify the following fibers as natural or synthetic:

nylon, wool, cotton, silk, polyester, jute

Answer:

Natural: Wool, Cotton, Silk, Jute

Synthetic: Nylon, Polyester

2. State whether the following statements are true or false:

a) Yarn is made from fibers.

b) Spinning is a process of making fibers.

c) Jute is the outer covering of coconut.

d) The process of removing seed from cotton is called ginning.

e) Weaving of yarn makes a piece of fabric.

f) Silk fiber is obtained from the stem of a plant.

g) Polyester is a natural fiber.

Answer:

(a) True

(b) False

(c) False

(d) True

(e) True

(f) False

(g) False

3. Fill in the blanks:

a) Plant fibers are obtained from_________ and ________ .

b) Animals fibers are __________ and ___________ .

Answer:

(a) cotton and jute.

(b) silk and wool.

4. From which parts of the plant cotton and jute are obtained?

Answer:

Cotton – the fruit of the plant

Jute – the stem of the plant.

5. Name two items that are made from coconut fiber.

Answer:

Ropes and bags

6. Explain the process of making yarn from fiber.

Answer:

Spinning is the process of making yarn from fiber .fibers are drawn and then twisted. This process of twisting brings fiber together to form yarn.


 

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