FIBRE TO FABRIC

Fibres-

The thin strands of thread that we see, are made up of still thinner strands called fibre.

Fibres

⇓ combine to make

Yarns

⇓ collectively form

Fabric

Types of Fibers-

There are two types of fibres-

1. NATURAL FIBRES-

The fibres that are obtained from plants and animals.

Example-Fibres of fabrics such as cotton, jute, silk wool.

• Cotton and Jute ⇒ Plants
• Wool ⇒ Sheep or Goat
• Silk ⇒ Silkworm

2. SYNTHETIC FIBRE-

Chemical substance which are not obtained from plants.

Examples- Polyester, nylon and acrylic

Some Plant fibres-

COTTON- It is grown in places having black soil and warm climate.

⇒Fibres are separated from the seeds by combing, this process is called GINNING.

JUTE- Obtained from the stem of the jute plant.

⇒ cultivated during the rainy season.

⇒ In India, it is mainly grown in West Bengal, Bihar and Assam.

⇒The stems of the harvested plants are immersed in water for a few days. The stems not and fibres are separated by hands.

Fibre to Fabric-

where,

SPINNING – The process of making yarn from fibres.

⇒  A simple device used for spinning is a hand spindle.

The two main processes by which fabrics are made from Yarn –

• WEAVING- The process of arranging two sets of yarns together to make a fabric.
• KNITTING- Single yarn is used to make a piece of fabric. It is done by hands and also on machine.

EXERCISE

1. Classify the following fibers as natural or synthetic:

nylon, wool, cotton, silk, polyester, jute

Answer:

Natural: Wool, Cotton, Silk, Jute

Synthetic: Nylon, Polyester

2. State whether the following statements are true or false:

a) Yarn is made from fibers.

b) Spinning is a process of making fibers.

c) Jute is the outer covering of coconut.

d) The process of removing seed from cotton is called ginning.

e) Weaving of yarn makes a piece of fabric.

f) Silk fiber is obtained from the stem of a plant.

g) Polyester is a natural fiber.

Answer:

(a) True

(b) False

(c) False

(d) True

(e) True

(f) False

(g) False

3. Fill in the blanks:

a) Plant fibers are obtained from_________ and ________ .

b) Animals fibers are __________ and ___________ .

Answer:

(a) cotton and jute.

(b) silk and wool.

4. From which parts of the plant cotton and jute are obtained?

Answer:

Cotton – the fruit of the plant

Jute – the stem of the plant.

5. Name two items that are made from coconut fiber.

Answer:

Ropes and bags

6. Explain the process of making yarn from fiber.

Answer:

Spinning is the process of making yarn from fiber .fibers are drawn and then twisted. This process of twisting brings fiber together to form yarn.